George V. Faulkner MD, MC.
and the other Medical officers from 1943
Major George V. Faulkner.
George Vermilyea Faulkner was born on the 15th June 1908 in a place called Foxboro, a small town situated in the province of Ontario in Canada. He went on to study at McGill University, where he excelled in both academic subjects and sports.
As war clouds gathered over Europe in the late 1930's, George decided that he must contribute to the war effort and so travelled to England and enlisted into he British Army in August 1939. He signed on the bottom line in an Army recruitment office in London and was posted originally to the East Surrey Regiment.
He was soon sent to the O.C.T.U.(Officer Cadet Training Unit) at Colchester, where he trained and studied to become an officer, passing out in May 1940, and commissioned as 2nd Lieutenant into the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders. After several months service within the 8th battalion, which included an involvement at Dunkirk, he resigned his commission and volunteered for overseas service.
By 1942, George had found himself in India and eventually part of the fledgling Chindit training group under the leadership of Brigadier Wingate. His talents in medicine would see George promoted to Captain for the operation in 1943, where he acted as one of the senior Medical Officer's on the expedition. Captain Faulkner had developed several new techniques in 'self diagnosis' during training and had worked hard to persuade the men to learn how to administer their own drugs and first aid. His efforts helped raise the health and psychological well being of the Chindit soldiers from what had been a disastrous beginning in 1942, when sick parades were often attended by 60-70% of the brigade.
After returning safely to India in mid-1943, Captain Faulkner was asked to write the medical notes for the operation which were later included in Wingate's full debrief for Longcloth. I know that George also took part in the second Chindit operation in 1944 (code named 'Thursday') where he formed part of the medical team for the Gurkha Reconnaissance section attached to one of the Chindit brigades.
The evidence for this came from an unexpected and remarkable source. Incredibly, two men from Operation Longcloth had managed to survive for nearly a year, living in a Burmese village called Lathaw. In mid-March 1944 16th Brigade passed close to where the men had made their home and one of the men, Pte. Critchley attempted to make contact. I will let Pte. Critchley explain:
About mid-March a villager told us that one of our columns was in the vicinity and we decided to make contact. This we did at a place called Michicom (at least that is how it was pronounced) and we found it to be a Gurkha Recce platoon commanded by a Captain Busk. Later we joined the column where there was a medical officer. My companion, Pte. Jones died in the presence of a Canadian medical officer named Major Falkner of that column. I had Jones's identity discs and handed them in to an officer in Rear HQ in June 1944. (Jones had suffered from malaria for the entire time that he and Critchley had lived in the Burmese village of Lathaw).
This document was found in the WO361 series held at the National Archives at Kew, London. These are papers which primarily concern men who were recorded as 'Missing in Action', in the case of Critchley and Jones for almost one year after they were presumed lost in Burma. This short note would provide the corroboration for George's participation in the second Chindit operation in 1944.
Back home in Canada after the war, George upheld a long standing family tradition and made his career in medicine. He sadly died at the age of 47, suffering from a heart attack and leaving behind his wife Philippa and two young children. Most of this information comes from the Faulkner family website found here: http://www.glanmore.org/gvf/jri1.html
Many thanks must go to Anne B. Faulkner for permission to link to the website about her father and for the use of the above photograph.
NB: Sadly, the website in its original form is no longer available on line and has been replaced with the following:
www.glanmore.ca/en/explore-and-learn/george-vermilyea-faulkner.aspx
Update 29/11/2012.
From the War Diary of the 77th Indian Infantry Brigade dated 16th May 1944 comes the following report about a temporary field hospital, set up and run by George Faulkner. The dispatch signal was sent by Brigade Head Quarters to one of the Column Commanders in the field suggesting that in similar and helpful circumstances this type of hospital should be utilized more often. It seems that Major Faulkner was due to land at the stronghold codenamed 'Piccadilly' in the original planning of Operation Thursday. This landing site was compromised before the operation start date.
Faulkner was the Senior Medical Officer in 77 Brigade in 1944, but was assigned to Column 81 comprising of troops from the King's Liverpool Regiment. The main landing site was switched to Broadway where Major Faulkner duly set up his combined aid post which eventually grew into a small hospital. From the War Diary report pages:
Piccadilly (found to be compromised by the enemy, re-directed to Broadway).
Medical Officer 81 Column Major Faulkner to land and set up a combined aid post. Officer Commanding (Lieut. Colonel Scott, Kings Regiment) to allocate men to act as 'stretcher-bearers'. Casualties to be assessed, cleared and evacuated by Dakota aircraft.
Medical Officer 3/9 Gurkha Rifles and Brigade Medical Unit to land. They will take over and extend the aid post, forming a small surgical hospital and provide its function and protection.
On completion of the orders: 3/9 Gurkha Rifle Regimental Aid Post and modified medical units will continue to operate within the 'Stronghold' (Broadway), allowing Major Faulkner to accompany Brigade Command and be Senior Medical Officer outside the Stronghold thereafter.
Update 22/09/2022.
Further to the orders shown above from the 77 Brigade war diary, it is now known that Major Faulkner next came under the command of 111 Brigade on Operation Thursday and eventually joined the personnel of DahForce, a small unit of mostly Gurkha columns, commanded by Colonel J.B. Morris. Whilst working with DahForce, Major Faulkner had set up yet another medical centre in the Kachin Hills of Burma and it was for this work that he was recommended for the Military Cross.
The award was recommended by J.B. Morris, who by this time was a Brigadier and the commander of 111 Brigade back in India. The citation which was announced in the London Gazette on the 26th April 1945 read as follows:
This Medical Officer, has without any form of military protection by his outstanding courage, determination and splendid leadership, maintained a hospital inside Japanese occupied territory, thereby returning fit to fight more than 100 patients. When his hospital was attacked by the enemy, this officer organised his patients into fighting units and as a result of his exceptional and able leadership, extricated all his lying (stretcher cases) and seriously ill patients to another safe harbour.
The citation sheet also states George's Army number as: M. 716 and that he had received a Mention in Despatches (Burma) as Gazetted on the 16th December 1943. This was almost certainly for his previous efforts on Operation Longcloth.
As war clouds gathered over Europe in the late 1930's, George decided that he must contribute to the war effort and so travelled to England and enlisted into he British Army in August 1939. He signed on the bottom line in an Army recruitment office in London and was posted originally to the East Surrey Regiment.
He was soon sent to the O.C.T.U.(Officer Cadet Training Unit) at Colchester, where he trained and studied to become an officer, passing out in May 1940, and commissioned as 2nd Lieutenant into the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders. After several months service within the 8th battalion, which included an involvement at Dunkirk, he resigned his commission and volunteered for overseas service.
By 1942, George had found himself in India and eventually part of the fledgling Chindit training group under the leadership of Brigadier Wingate. His talents in medicine would see George promoted to Captain for the operation in 1943, where he acted as one of the senior Medical Officer's on the expedition. Captain Faulkner had developed several new techniques in 'self diagnosis' during training and had worked hard to persuade the men to learn how to administer their own drugs and first aid. His efforts helped raise the health and psychological well being of the Chindit soldiers from what had been a disastrous beginning in 1942, when sick parades were often attended by 60-70% of the brigade.
After returning safely to India in mid-1943, Captain Faulkner was asked to write the medical notes for the operation which were later included in Wingate's full debrief for Longcloth. I know that George also took part in the second Chindit operation in 1944 (code named 'Thursday') where he formed part of the medical team for the Gurkha Reconnaissance section attached to one of the Chindit brigades.
The evidence for this came from an unexpected and remarkable source. Incredibly, two men from Operation Longcloth had managed to survive for nearly a year, living in a Burmese village called Lathaw. In mid-March 1944 16th Brigade passed close to where the men had made their home and one of the men, Pte. Critchley attempted to make contact. I will let Pte. Critchley explain:
About mid-March a villager told us that one of our columns was in the vicinity and we decided to make contact. This we did at a place called Michicom (at least that is how it was pronounced) and we found it to be a Gurkha Recce platoon commanded by a Captain Busk. Later we joined the column where there was a medical officer. My companion, Pte. Jones died in the presence of a Canadian medical officer named Major Falkner of that column. I had Jones's identity discs and handed them in to an officer in Rear HQ in June 1944. (Jones had suffered from malaria for the entire time that he and Critchley had lived in the Burmese village of Lathaw).
This document was found in the WO361 series held at the National Archives at Kew, London. These are papers which primarily concern men who were recorded as 'Missing in Action', in the case of Critchley and Jones for almost one year after they were presumed lost in Burma. This short note would provide the corroboration for George's participation in the second Chindit operation in 1944.
Back home in Canada after the war, George upheld a long standing family tradition and made his career in medicine. He sadly died at the age of 47, suffering from a heart attack and leaving behind his wife Philippa and two young children. Most of this information comes from the Faulkner family website found here: http://www.glanmore.org/gvf/jri1.html
Many thanks must go to Anne B. Faulkner for permission to link to the website about her father and for the use of the above photograph.
NB: Sadly, the website in its original form is no longer available on line and has been replaced with the following:
www.glanmore.ca/en/explore-and-learn/george-vermilyea-faulkner.aspx
Update 29/11/2012.
From the War Diary of the 77th Indian Infantry Brigade dated 16th May 1944 comes the following report about a temporary field hospital, set up and run by George Faulkner. The dispatch signal was sent by Brigade Head Quarters to one of the Column Commanders in the field suggesting that in similar and helpful circumstances this type of hospital should be utilized more often. It seems that Major Faulkner was due to land at the stronghold codenamed 'Piccadilly' in the original planning of Operation Thursday. This landing site was compromised before the operation start date.
Faulkner was the Senior Medical Officer in 77 Brigade in 1944, but was assigned to Column 81 comprising of troops from the King's Liverpool Regiment. The main landing site was switched to Broadway where Major Faulkner duly set up his combined aid post which eventually grew into a small hospital. From the War Diary report pages:
Piccadilly (found to be compromised by the enemy, re-directed to Broadway).
Medical Officer 81 Column Major Faulkner to land and set up a combined aid post. Officer Commanding (Lieut. Colonel Scott, Kings Regiment) to allocate men to act as 'stretcher-bearers'. Casualties to be assessed, cleared and evacuated by Dakota aircraft.
Medical Officer 3/9 Gurkha Rifles and Brigade Medical Unit to land. They will take over and extend the aid post, forming a small surgical hospital and provide its function and protection.
On completion of the orders: 3/9 Gurkha Rifle Regimental Aid Post and modified medical units will continue to operate within the 'Stronghold' (Broadway), allowing Major Faulkner to accompany Brigade Command and be Senior Medical Officer outside the Stronghold thereafter.
Update 22/09/2022.
Further to the orders shown above from the 77 Brigade war diary, it is now known that Major Faulkner next came under the command of 111 Brigade on Operation Thursday and eventually joined the personnel of DahForce, a small unit of mostly Gurkha columns, commanded by Colonel J.B. Morris. Whilst working with DahForce, Major Faulkner had set up yet another medical centre in the Kachin Hills of Burma and it was for this work that he was recommended for the Military Cross.
The award was recommended by J.B. Morris, who by this time was a Brigadier and the commander of 111 Brigade back in India. The citation which was announced in the London Gazette on the 26th April 1945 read as follows:
This Medical Officer, has without any form of military protection by his outstanding courage, determination and splendid leadership, maintained a hospital inside Japanese occupied territory, thereby returning fit to fight more than 100 patients. When his hospital was attacked by the enemy, this officer organised his patients into fighting units and as a result of his exceptional and able leadership, extricated all his lying (stretcher cases) and seriously ill patients to another safe harbour.
The citation sheet also states George's Army number as: M. 716 and that he had received a Mention in Despatches (Burma) as Gazetted on the 16th December 1943. This was almost certainly for his previous efforts on Operation Longcloth.
Field return signal from 77th Indian Infantry Brigade HQ dated 16 May 1944.
Update 16/12/2017.
On re-reading the book, Prisoners of Hope, by 77 Brigade Commander, Brigadier Mike Calvert, I recently discovered that Major Faulkner had first attempted to enter Burma during Operation Thursday, aboard Glider 15P on the 5th March 1944. This aircraft was cut adrift during the flight, roughly one hour after crossing over the Chindwin River and had to be put down by American Pilot Bruce Williams, on the beachside of a small chaung. Fourteen personnel, under the command of Lt-Colonel R.P. Fleming of the Grenadier Guards and including Major Faulkner, proceeded over the next 8 days to march back to the Indian Border and re-join their Chindit Brigade.
The full story of their return can be read through pages 254-273 of the book, Prisoners of Hope. From the final section of Lt-Colonel Fleming's report, comes this appraisal of some of the participants performance on the march back to the Chindwin:
The work and devotion to duty of all ranks was of a very high order, but I consider that the following men were outstanding:
(a) Major G. Faulkner M.O. who displayed throughout coolness, good judgement and resource.
(b) Major C. Pringle, who displayed marked courage and endurance in swimming the Chindwin five times, and on three of these occasions transporting arms and equipment.
(c) Flight Officer Bruce Williams USAAF, to whose skill in landing his glider the whole party owe their lives and who thereafter showed equanimity and enterprise in a high degree,
(d) Captain G. Massey and Pte. McMurdoch, who did valuable work with the Recce Group, often at the end of a long and tiring march.
Update 27/11/2024.
From the Intelligencer newspaper, dated March 24th 1955:
Scion of a distinguished Hastings County medical family, Dr. George Vermilyea Faulkner, has died suddenly in Montreal. He was in his 47th year. Dr. Faulkner suffered a heart seizure and expired in his hotel room at the Mount Royal Hotel. His passing marks the end of a colourful military and medical career. He came from a family that was rich in medical lore that dates back to the American Civil War. A relative bearing the family name was a Surgeon General in that conflict and there is a Faulkner Hospital in Connecticut made possible by another distant relative.
His grandfather, Dr. George W. Faulkner, practised in Stirling and Belleville. His grand-uncle, Dr. Dan Faulkner, was a well-known Foxboro physician and his father, Dr. Albert Faulkner, was born in Stirling and practised in the city, up until being appointed Minister of Health in the Hepburn government. George Faulkner was born in Foxboro and received his early education there, later graduating from the Bellville Collegiate Institute. Following in the family tradition he studied medicine at McGill University and worked initially at the Royal Victoria Hospital. Later, he was associated with a chest clinic in London, Ontario and did fine work with silicosis patients from the Northern Ontario mining community. He then carried out general practice for a year in a small town near Hamilton.
Came the war and the young doctor emerged from five years distinguished service with a fine military record. He joined the British Army as an infantry private, but soon won a commission, showing his medical ability whilst tending a sick comrade in barracks. He transferred to the Indian Army Medical Corps with the rank of Captain. His outstanding work with native and British troops behind Japanese lines in Burma is well known. He organised the first British hospital behind the Japanese lines when he was associated with the late General Wingate and his famous Chindits.
In January 1943, after some rigorous training in the jungles of India, Captain Faulkner with other members of the Wingate expedition, began a three-month, 1000 mile guerrilla raid through the Burmese jungle. The object of the expedition was to destroy Japanese lines of communications and supply dumps and to prove that this type of warfare was feasible. The following year he was assigned to a much larger Chindit force, but his glider crashed landed in the jungle, requiring a fifty-mile march back to India to find another aircraft. He then flew across Burma to an isolated Chinese force with whom he served until they too contacted the Chindit expedition. He was then appointed senior medical officer for the entire force with the rank of Major. On returning to India, Major Faulkner was hospitalised with malaria, later being granted a two-month leave period back home in Canada. For his outstanding work with the Chindits he was awarded the Military Cross and also Mentioned in Despatches.
Returning to Belleville after the war, he opened a practice at 19 Campbell Street, later becoming a part of the clinic on Church Street. He was president for Belleville General Hospital this year (1955) and represented the medical staff on the Hospital Board of Governors. Dr. Faulkner enjoyed sport and was an excellent golfer (Bay of Quinte Golf and Country Club) and winner of many trophies. He was also an excellent bridge player and a regular parishioner at St. Thomas' Church. He is survived by his wife, Philippa and his two children, Anne and George Sanford Faulkner.
From the Intelligencer newspaper, dated March 24th 1955:
Scion of a distinguished Hastings County medical family, Dr. George Vermilyea Faulkner, has died suddenly in Montreal. He was in his 47th year. Dr. Faulkner suffered a heart seizure and expired in his hotel room at the Mount Royal Hotel. His passing marks the end of a colourful military and medical career. He came from a family that was rich in medical lore that dates back to the American Civil War. A relative bearing the family name was a Surgeon General in that conflict and there is a Faulkner Hospital in Connecticut made possible by another distant relative.
His grandfather, Dr. George W. Faulkner, practised in Stirling and Belleville. His grand-uncle, Dr. Dan Faulkner, was a well-known Foxboro physician and his father, Dr. Albert Faulkner, was born in Stirling and practised in the city, up until being appointed Minister of Health in the Hepburn government. George Faulkner was born in Foxboro and received his early education there, later graduating from the Bellville Collegiate Institute. Following in the family tradition he studied medicine at McGill University and worked initially at the Royal Victoria Hospital. Later, he was associated with a chest clinic in London, Ontario and did fine work with silicosis patients from the Northern Ontario mining community. He then carried out general practice for a year in a small town near Hamilton.
Came the war and the young doctor emerged from five years distinguished service with a fine military record. He joined the British Army as an infantry private, but soon won a commission, showing his medical ability whilst tending a sick comrade in barracks. He transferred to the Indian Army Medical Corps with the rank of Captain. His outstanding work with native and British troops behind Japanese lines in Burma is well known. He organised the first British hospital behind the Japanese lines when he was associated with the late General Wingate and his famous Chindits.
In January 1943, after some rigorous training in the jungles of India, Captain Faulkner with other members of the Wingate expedition, began a three-month, 1000 mile guerrilla raid through the Burmese jungle. The object of the expedition was to destroy Japanese lines of communications and supply dumps and to prove that this type of warfare was feasible. The following year he was assigned to a much larger Chindit force, but his glider crashed landed in the jungle, requiring a fifty-mile march back to India to find another aircraft. He then flew across Burma to an isolated Chinese force with whom he served until they too contacted the Chindit expedition. He was then appointed senior medical officer for the entire force with the rank of Major. On returning to India, Major Faulkner was hospitalised with malaria, later being granted a two-month leave period back home in Canada. For his outstanding work with the Chindits he was awarded the Military Cross and also Mentioned in Despatches.
Returning to Belleville after the war, he opened a practice at 19 Campbell Street, later becoming a part of the clinic on Church Street. He was president for Belleville General Hospital this year (1955) and represented the medical staff on the Hospital Board of Governors. Dr. Faulkner enjoyed sport and was an excellent golfer (Bay of Quinte Golf and Country Club) and winner of many trophies. He was also an excellent bridge player and a regular parishioner at St. Thomas' Church. He is survived by his wife, Philippa and his two children, Anne and George Sanford Faulkner.
George Lusk, Medical Officer for No. 2 Column.
I believe that Captain Faulkner was the Medical Officer of either No. 4 Column or more likely Southern Group Head Quarters in 1943. This assumption is based purely on being able to name the medical personnel attached to all the other columns that year. There are no mentions of George Faulkner in any of the books that I have read which feature Operation Longcloth, so there is no other information or evidence that I can turn to in order to confirm my theory.
Here are the other Medical Officers from 1943, and what I know about their time on Operation Longcloth. Each column was provided with one Medical Officer and 3 Medical Orderlies:
Major Raymond Ramsey, Medical officer in Wingate's Head Quarters Brigade. Admired and looked up to by many of the young officers in 1943, the Major was barely 30 years old himself. He led one of the dispersal groups in an attempt to reach the safety of India in April 1943. He and Captain Arthur Moxham were taken prisoner by the Japanese on the 11th May and sent to Rangoon Jail, where Major Ramsay became the senior medical officer (an honour he shared with Colonel KP MacKenzie, who had been captured in 1942) and treated many of the sick and wounded Chindit POW's. On arrival in Rangoon he was detained in solitary confinement by the Japanese for nearly five weeks, here is a quote from the memoirs of Lieutenant 'Willie' Wilding on the subject:
"It was a disgrace that Major Ramsay was kept in solitary for so long, whilst our men were dying at a rate of at least one a day. Words cannot convey enough praise for his work, his devotion and his gentleness towards the men. Later they gave him an MBE just as if he had been a 'Beatle'. Never was a man's work so grossly undervalued by the top Brass, though he was never undervalued by us!"
After the war Dr. Ramsay continued his career in medicine, which included some sterling work at St. Bartholomew's Hospital in London. To read more about Raymond Ramsay and his experiences in Burma and as a prisoner of war, please click on the following link: Raymond Ramsay
Captain Norman Fraser Stocks, Medical Officer for No. 1 Column. There is no information about Dr. Stocks in any of the research papers or documents I have found in relation to Operation Longcloth, but he is mentioned in the No. 1 Column war diary written by Major George Dunlop and in the book Safer Than a Known Way, by the Gurkha Officer Ian MacHorton. Captain Stocks also gives evidence at the Court of Enquiry into the accidental death of Lance Corporal Percy Finch during training, held at Jhansi on the 26th December 1942. For more details, please click on the following link: Percy Finch
Update 02/03/2016.
After being contacted by Captain Stocks' family, it is now possible to add more information about his life and his wartime experiences to this page. Please click on the following link: Norman Fraser Stocks
Captain George Ian Wilson Lusk, Medical Officer for No. 2 Column (pictured above). Having previously walked out of Burma in 1942, escaping the rapidly advancing Japanese invasion force, George Lusk bravely volunteered to go back in again the following year with Wingate's Chindits. Sadly this decision was to cost him his life, when he was captured attempting to re-cross the Irrawaddy during dispersal on the 23rd April and dying just a few days later whilst in Japanese hands. Here are his CWGC details: www.cwgc.org/find-records/find-war-dead/casualty-details/2516046/george-ian-wilson-lusk/
Captain D. Rao, Medical Officer for No. 3 Column. Not much is known about Dr. Rao, apart from his devotion in keeping the Gurkha Rifles of No. 3 Column fit and well. He was part of Flight Officer Robert Thompson's dispersal group which finally exited Burma in mid-April. Here is a quote from Harold James's book, Across the Threshold of Battle, describing the Doctor: "Our medical officer, Captain Rao came from Southern India, he was so thin that he looked as though he would snap in two at the slightest touch. In reality he was a very tough, good humoured and excellent doctor."
Captain George V. Faulkner, Medical Officer for No. 4 Column or Southern Group Head Quarters.
Captain William Service Aird, Medical Officer for No. 5 . Having begun his time with the Chindits serving with 142 Commando, William was 'poached' away from this unit by Bernard Fergusson and became 5 Column's doctor late in 1942. After agreeing to help look after a dispersal group of already ill and stricken men, William himself went down with malaria combined disastrously with a bout of severe dysentery. He was captured in late April, heartbreakingly just a few miles short of the Chindwin River and potential safety. He died less than ten days later, as the captured Chindit POW's passed through the town of Mandalay on their train journey down to Rangoon Jail.
You can read more about William Aird within these website pages: Rex Walker's Dispersal Group 4 and Ted Stuart, Almost, but not Quite.
Captain Alfred Henry Snalam, Medical Officer for No. 7 Column. Alfred Snalam, affectionately known as 'Bill' is not mentioned in any of the war diaries or other paperwork in relation to Operation Longcloth. The information that follows was found on line and is taken from a short obituary written in a medical journal back in 1989.
Alfred was born on the 5th January 1914 at Ilkley in West Yorkshire. His latter schooldays were spent at Ilkley Grammar School before he chose to study medicine at Leeds University. Just before he began his studies for his degree, Alfred spent some time in Australia, travelling with William Snalam (presumably his father) to Brisbane in 1932. William and his eighteen year old son, Alfred, returned to the United Kingdom on the 22nd April 1932 aboard the SS Strathnaver. Coincidently, the Strathnaver was to play her part in WW2, serving as an Allied troopship in the 1940's and transporting troops and supplies to places such as Bombay in India. Alfred passed his exams and achieved his Bachelor of Medicine degree in 1938. Soon after, he took up a position as an Assistant General Practitioner in Reading, Berkshire.
128519 Captain Alfred Henry Snalam R.A.M.C. served his country for the majority of WW2, including the evacuation at Dunkirk in the early summer of 1940. He then travelled overseas to India and became involved with the first Wingate expedition as No. 7 Column's Medical Officer. In January 1943, as the Chindit Brigade was preparing to move down to Imphal and then on into Burma, Alfred was given the responsibility for Chindit Columns 7 and 2, whilst acting as Administration Officer for the train on which they were travelling. In late 1943, perhaps with the expertise and knowledge from his Chindit experiences, Alfred went on to work at Karachi General Hospital, specialising in the treatment of malaria.
After the war was over, Dr. Snalam returned to General Practice, this time as a full partner in a practice at Maidstone in Kent. Amongst other positions during this period, he was also appointed as Medical Advisor to the South East Gas Board. Sadly, Alfred passed away on the 13th May 1989. A short quote taken from the obituary mentioned above tells us more about Dr. Snalam the man:
Bill was a quiet, thoughtful man. He was a generous and knowledgeable host, and the Christmas Eve party that he and his wife, Jill held became one of the highlights of the season. His hobbies were gardening, reading, and listening to music, but above all he was a devoted family man, and his grandchildren gave him great pleasure in his latter years. He is survived by Jill, a son, a daughter, and three grandchildren.
Captain J.D.S. Heathcote, Medical Officer for No. 8 Column. On the 15th April 1943, Captain Whitehead and his dispersal group, together with a party of wounded men on stretchers left the main body of 8 Column. Their aim was to find a friendly village in which to leave the wounded men, then push on toward the Chinese borders in an attempt to reach Allied held territory. Doctor Heathcote was with this party presumably to look after the casualties until a suitable place to leave them could be found. Unfortunately, this took some time as the first few villages they tried for turned out to be deserted. On debrief after the operation, it was suggested that the medical officer should not have been allowed to go off with Whitehead's group, thus leaving the bulk of the column without a doctor.
Captain Whitehead's dispersal party was ambushed by a Japanese patrol on the way back to India and many of the men were taken prisoner. What happened to Dr. Heathcote at this juncture is not known, but he did not end up a prisoner of war, nor was he killed in action, so it must be assumed that he succeeded in escaping ambush and returned safely to India.
Copyright © Steve Fogden 2012-14.
Here are the other Medical Officers from 1943, and what I know about their time on Operation Longcloth. Each column was provided with one Medical Officer and 3 Medical Orderlies:
Major Raymond Ramsey, Medical officer in Wingate's Head Quarters Brigade. Admired and looked up to by many of the young officers in 1943, the Major was barely 30 years old himself. He led one of the dispersal groups in an attempt to reach the safety of India in April 1943. He and Captain Arthur Moxham were taken prisoner by the Japanese on the 11th May and sent to Rangoon Jail, where Major Ramsay became the senior medical officer (an honour he shared with Colonel KP MacKenzie, who had been captured in 1942) and treated many of the sick and wounded Chindit POW's. On arrival in Rangoon he was detained in solitary confinement by the Japanese for nearly five weeks, here is a quote from the memoirs of Lieutenant 'Willie' Wilding on the subject:
"It was a disgrace that Major Ramsay was kept in solitary for so long, whilst our men were dying at a rate of at least one a day. Words cannot convey enough praise for his work, his devotion and his gentleness towards the men. Later they gave him an MBE just as if he had been a 'Beatle'. Never was a man's work so grossly undervalued by the top Brass, though he was never undervalued by us!"
After the war Dr. Ramsay continued his career in medicine, which included some sterling work at St. Bartholomew's Hospital in London. To read more about Raymond Ramsay and his experiences in Burma and as a prisoner of war, please click on the following link: Raymond Ramsay
Captain Norman Fraser Stocks, Medical Officer for No. 1 Column. There is no information about Dr. Stocks in any of the research papers or documents I have found in relation to Operation Longcloth, but he is mentioned in the No. 1 Column war diary written by Major George Dunlop and in the book Safer Than a Known Way, by the Gurkha Officer Ian MacHorton. Captain Stocks also gives evidence at the Court of Enquiry into the accidental death of Lance Corporal Percy Finch during training, held at Jhansi on the 26th December 1942. For more details, please click on the following link: Percy Finch
Update 02/03/2016.
After being contacted by Captain Stocks' family, it is now possible to add more information about his life and his wartime experiences to this page. Please click on the following link: Norman Fraser Stocks
Captain George Ian Wilson Lusk, Medical Officer for No. 2 Column (pictured above). Having previously walked out of Burma in 1942, escaping the rapidly advancing Japanese invasion force, George Lusk bravely volunteered to go back in again the following year with Wingate's Chindits. Sadly this decision was to cost him his life, when he was captured attempting to re-cross the Irrawaddy during dispersal on the 23rd April and dying just a few days later whilst in Japanese hands. Here are his CWGC details: www.cwgc.org/find-records/find-war-dead/casualty-details/2516046/george-ian-wilson-lusk/
Captain D. Rao, Medical Officer for No. 3 Column. Not much is known about Dr. Rao, apart from his devotion in keeping the Gurkha Rifles of No. 3 Column fit and well. He was part of Flight Officer Robert Thompson's dispersal group which finally exited Burma in mid-April. Here is a quote from Harold James's book, Across the Threshold of Battle, describing the Doctor: "Our medical officer, Captain Rao came from Southern India, he was so thin that he looked as though he would snap in two at the slightest touch. In reality he was a very tough, good humoured and excellent doctor."
Captain George V. Faulkner, Medical Officer for No. 4 Column or Southern Group Head Quarters.
Captain William Service Aird, Medical Officer for No. 5 . Having begun his time with the Chindits serving with 142 Commando, William was 'poached' away from this unit by Bernard Fergusson and became 5 Column's doctor late in 1942. After agreeing to help look after a dispersal group of already ill and stricken men, William himself went down with malaria combined disastrously with a bout of severe dysentery. He was captured in late April, heartbreakingly just a few miles short of the Chindwin River and potential safety. He died less than ten days later, as the captured Chindit POW's passed through the town of Mandalay on their train journey down to Rangoon Jail.
You can read more about William Aird within these website pages: Rex Walker's Dispersal Group 4 and Ted Stuart, Almost, but not Quite.
Captain Alfred Henry Snalam, Medical Officer for No. 7 Column. Alfred Snalam, affectionately known as 'Bill' is not mentioned in any of the war diaries or other paperwork in relation to Operation Longcloth. The information that follows was found on line and is taken from a short obituary written in a medical journal back in 1989.
Alfred was born on the 5th January 1914 at Ilkley in West Yorkshire. His latter schooldays were spent at Ilkley Grammar School before he chose to study medicine at Leeds University. Just before he began his studies for his degree, Alfred spent some time in Australia, travelling with William Snalam (presumably his father) to Brisbane in 1932. William and his eighteen year old son, Alfred, returned to the United Kingdom on the 22nd April 1932 aboard the SS Strathnaver. Coincidently, the Strathnaver was to play her part in WW2, serving as an Allied troopship in the 1940's and transporting troops and supplies to places such as Bombay in India. Alfred passed his exams and achieved his Bachelor of Medicine degree in 1938. Soon after, he took up a position as an Assistant General Practitioner in Reading, Berkshire.
128519 Captain Alfred Henry Snalam R.A.M.C. served his country for the majority of WW2, including the evacuation at Dunkirk in the early summer of 1940. He then travelled overseas to India and became involved with the first Wingate expedition as No. 7 Column's Medical Officer. In January 1943, as the Chindit Brigade was preparing to move down to Imphal and then on into Burma, Alfred was given the responsibility for Chindit Columns 7 and 2, whilst acting as Administration Officer for the train on which they were travelling. In late 1943, perhaps with the expertise and knowledge from his Chindit experiences, Alfred went on to work at Karachi General Hospital, specialising in the treatment of malaria.
After the war was over, Dr. Snalam returned to General Practice, this time as a full partner in a practice at Maidstone in Kent. Amongst other positions during this period, he was also appointed as Medical Advisor to the South East Gas Board. Sadly, Alfred passed away on the 13th May 1989. A short quote taken from the obituary mentioned above tells us more about Dr. Snalam the man:
Bill was a quiet, thoughtful man. He was a generous and knowledgeable host, and the Christmas Eve party that he and his wife, Jill held became one of the highlights of the season. His hobbies were gardening, reading, and listening to music, but above all he was a devoted family man, and his grandchildren gave him great pleasure in his latter years. He is survived by Jill, a son, a daughter, and three grandchildren.
Captain J.D.S. Heathcote, Medical Officer for No. 8 Column. On the 15th April 1943, Captain Whitehead and his dispersal group, together with a party of wounded men on stretchers left the main body of 8 Column. Their aim was to find a friendly village in which to leave the wounded men, then push on toward the Chinese borders in an attempt to reach Allied held territory. Doctor Heathcote was with this party presumably to look after the casualties until a suitable place to leave them could be found. Unfortunately, this took some time as the first few villages they tried for turned out to be deserted. On debrief after the operation, it was suggested that the medical officer should not have been allowed to go off with Whitehead's group, thus leaving the bulk of the column without a doctor.
Captain Whitehead's dispersal party was ambushed by a Japanese patrol on the way back to India and many of the men were taken prisoner. What happened to Dr. Heathcote at this juncture is not known, but he did not end up a prisoner of war, nor was he killed in action, so it must be assumed that he succeeded in escaping ambush and returned safely to India.
Copyright © Steve Fogden 2012-14.
Pictured left is the cap badge and crest of the Royal Army Medical Corp, with the Latin motto, In Ardus Fidelis translated as Faithful in Adversity. This badge would have been worn with pride by all of the Doctors featured on this page.
This is how the elements of the badge came into being:
The Rod
The rod and serpent goes back to ancient Greece and a man called Aesculapius who lived around 1256 BC. He was a doctor of such renown that legend tells that he was able to bring the dead back to life.
Pluto, the God of the underworld, was so appalled at not gaining the souls of the dead that he complained to Jupiter the head of all Gods. Jupiter obliged by slaying Aesculapius with a thunderbolt - this is the rod.
The Serpent
After his death Aesculapius himself became a god who was worshipped in hundreds of temples. The temples quickly became places of healing for the sick and were used as the first hospitals.
Within each one there was a circular pit that contained a species of snake that was harmless, but whose forked tongue was believed to have healing properties - this is the origin of the snake.
(information from www.army.mod.uk).
This is how the elements of the badge came into being:
The Rod
The rod and serpent goes back to ancient Greece and a man called Aesculapius who lived around 1256 BC. He was a doctor of such renown that legend tells that he was able to bring the dead back to life.
Pluto, the God of the underworld, was so appalled at not gaining the souls of the dead that he complained to Jupiter the head of all Gods. Jupiter obliged by slaying Aesculapius with a thunderbolt - this is the rod.
The Serpent
After his death Aesculapius himself became a god who was worshipped in hundreds of temples. The temples quickly became places of healing for the sick and were used as the first hospitals.
Within each one there was a circular pit that contained a species of snake that was harmless, but whose forked tongue was believed to have healing properties - this is the origin of the snake.
(information from www.army.mod.uk).